Pollution in the atmosphere poses environmental health risks, and this has been studied in diverse environments, including highways, squares, parks, and gyms. These environments, popular among older adults, present a challenge due to the presence of harmful air pollutants. The purpose of this mapping review was to evaluate the current research on how air pollution affects the well-being of older adults participating in physical activities. Extensive searching was performed across the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cinahl databases up to June 2022. From among the 10,109 studies initially identified, only 58 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Research on health outcomes focused heavily on cardiovascular disease, and respiratory effects were subsequently examined. Protein Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor Detailed studies on pollutants were concentrated on particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3), thus making them the most investigated. Protein Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor Air pollution negatively affected the health of older adults participating in physical activity in 29 out of 75 investigated health outcomes, with cardiovascular issues being a prominent concern. In 25 instances, the positive impacts of physical activity (PA) on older adults' health, specifically concerning mental well-being, endured even with high and low levels of pollutant exposure. Our findings indicate that poor air quality negatively impacts the well-being of senior citizens participating in physical activities, frequently manifesting as cardiovascular and respiratory complications. Alternatively, for mental health metrics, including depression and cognitive function, physical activity's positive effects in the elderly remained consistent even after exposure to pollutants, according to many investigations.

To offer quality spiritual care, one must acknowledge the spiritual encounters of patients and recognize their strengths and particular necessities. Thus, educators and practitioners should actively seek to expand their knowledge and appreciation for this aspect. Spiritual care alleviates anxieties, worries, and suffering, lessening stress, enabling healing, and encouraging patients to find inner peace and serenity. Maintaining ethical and humanistic principles in healthcare necessitates the integration of the spiritual dimension into the patient's care plan. Our objective is to formulate guidelines for spiritual care competency, applicable to palliative care training and practice, within both Portugal and Spain. Three phases are integral to the study detailed within this protocol paper. In phase one, the research project will detail the phenomenon and segregate it into two duties: (1) a conceptual examination of spiritual care competence and (2) a systematic assessment of strategies used to integrate spiritual care into palliative care education and practice. Phase II will adopt a sequential explanatory method (online surveys and qualitative interviews) to gain a deeper comprehension of educators', practitioners', and patients'/family caregivers' perspectives and experiences regarding spiritual care in palliative care education and practice, and to generate ideas for future actions. A committee of experts, in Phase III, will execute a multi-phased, consensus-based process to ascertain crucial areas of need. A white paper for primary care professionals, detailing guidelines for integrating spirituality and spiritual care competence within primary care education and practice, will be produced using the gathered results. This enhanced examination of spiritual care competence's lasting contribution will be determined by its capacity to inform the creation and implementation of customized educational and pastoral care programs. This project champions 'spiritual care,' empowering practitioners and patients/family caregivers to better prepare for end-of-life care, and simultaneously improving curricula in this field.

The inherent demands of their profession place mental health professionals at risk of vicarious trauma and burnout. Researchers and academics have consistently observed that empathy is directly involved in burnout, and this involvement has implications for understanding vicarious trauma. Research on mental health professionals engaging in psychotherapy has not adequately explored the intricate connections between vicarious trauma, empathy, and burnout. The study investigates how psychotherapists' empathy and vicarious trauma contribute to burnout, exploring the nuances of these interactions.
The mental health professionals, comprising 214 individuals, were distributed across the public and private sectors, with 32 males and 182 females. The online assessment tools included: a tailored demographic questionnaire (age, gender, education, specialty, years of experience, years of supervision); the Counselor Burnout Inventory, validated for the Greek population by Kounenou et al.; the Vicarious Trauma Scale; and the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy administered to the study sample.
Burnout displayed a positive correlation with empathy and vicarious trauma, as established through correlation analysis. Regression analysis employing multiple variables revealed that burnout is significantly influenced by supervision, empathy, and, particularly, the presence of vicarious trauma.
Contrary to related research on burnout, this study indicated that neither gender nor work background had a substantial bearing on predicting burnout. The following section explores future study proposals and their importance for mental health practitioners.
Compared to existing research on burnout, the current study did not show a significant relationship between gender, work experience, and the prediction of burnout. A discussion of prospective studies, as well as their implications for mental health professionals, is provided.

Research interest is escalating in virtual reality (VR) based rehabilitation therapy for alleviating low back pain. Even though the therapy is used, its ability to reduce pain in clinical settings is considered by some to be questionable.
The present work was carried out according to the reporting principles outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. We undertook a review of PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, and ProQuest databases in pursuit of both published and unpublished studies. Employing the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool (version 2), the quality of the chosen studies was evaluated. With GRADEprofiler software (version 36.4), the level of supporting evidence was evaluated. Protein Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor With the aid of RevMan software (version 54.1), we performed a detailed examination of the encompassed research results.
Utilizing 11 articles and a total of 1761 subjects, the systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. Following an assessment of the quality in these studies, the risk of bias was, overall, low, presenting high levels of heterogeneity. A moderate overall quality of evidence supports a small to medium effect (standardized mean difference = 0.37, with a 95% confidence interval ranging from 0.75 to 0).
VR treatment demonstrably alleviates patient pain, according to the available evidence. The studies' overall quality was moderately assessed, and the effect size measurement ranged from small to medium. VR's application in pain management may lead to improvements in rehabilitation outcomes.
Studies show that virtual reality therapy effectively reduces the pain experienced by patients. Moderate quality in the studies' methodologies correlated with a small to medium effect size. VR-based treatment, which serves to decrease pain, could prove advantageous in rehabilitative therapy.

There has been a rise in academic interest in the downsides of mobile apps and their influence on user life contentment. To understand the core relationship between life satisfaction and mobile app fatigue, this article develops a research model, utilizing a stressor-strain-outcome framework. In parallel, the study analyzes the relationships among differing aspects of network heterogeneity, emotional depletion, and mobile app fatigue among users. Furthermore, the study explores the moderating impact of upward social comparisons, self-presentational strategies, and privacy breaches on the relationship between life satisfaction and emotional fatigue in the mobile app ecosystem. In mainland China, data was collected via a cross-sectional survey, which was subsequently analyzed using structural equation modeling. Research findings suggest a positive association between self-presentation and life satisfaction, and a negative association between life satisfaction and upward social comparisons. Beyond that, privacy infringement and upward social comparisons are positively correlated with emotional exhaustion, whereas self-presentation demonstrates no connection to emotional exhaustion. Moreover, the impact of upward comparisons might play a role in the association between life satisfaction and emotional weariness. These results provide a fresh perspective on the processes by which mobile app user life satisfaction and network diversity can result in emotional exhaustion and mobile app fatigue, highlighting critical implications for both theory and practice.

The pursuit of innovative solutions that strengthen faculty and student learning, along with the vital mission of promoting social responsibility and community service, is essential for universities. Tertiary institutions have leveraged Communities of Practice to foster innovation, revitalize teaching methods, and cultivate interdisciplinary problem-solving collaborations. An interdisciplinary Community of Practice, established in its first year, grappled with the complexities of teaching and learning about family and domestic violence. This intricate social issue, inherently gendered and underrepresented across University disciplines, is nevertheless crucial to the future professional endeavors of University graduates. This study documents the achievements and obstacles encountered in pursuing novel approaches to this complex subject matter.